learn-sg A1 (English -> Arabic)/03 Video summaries @ SmarterGerman Translate

Language	Translated	Unfinished	Unfinished words	Unfinished characters	Untranslated	Checks	Suggestions	Comments
English	100%	0	0	0	0	2	0	0

Arabic	0%	35	9,787	79,351	35	0	0	0

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Summary

Project website	learn.smartergerman.com
Instructions for translators	Translate the English instruction layer to the target language. Do NOT translate German content (German words, sentences, vocab terms, reading texts). Keep all markdown/HTML structure intact, especially mounts and {{double-brace}} tokens.
Translation process	Translations can be made directly. Translation suggestions are turned off. Any authenticated user can contribute. The translation uses monolingual files. The translation base language can not be edited.
Source code repository	`local:`
Repository branch	main
Weblate repository	`https://translate.smartergerman.com/git/learn-sg-a1/03-summaries/`
File mask	`03-summaries/*.json`
Monolingual base language file	`03-summaries/en.json`

05/20/2026

String statistics

	Strings percent	Hosted strings	Words percent	Hosted words	Characters percent	Hosted characters
Total		70		19,574		158,702
Source		35		9,787		79,351
Translated	50%	35	50%	9,787	50%	79,351
Needs editing	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0
Read-only	50%	35	50%	9,787	50%	79,351
Failing checks	2%	2	2%	501	2%	3,787
Strings with suggestions	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0
Untranslated strings	50%	35	50%	9,787	50%	79,351

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Allow translation propagation changed from "disabled" to "enabled". 05/20/2026

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File “03-summaries/ar.json” was added. 05/20/2026

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English

German Z is always pronounced as an English "ts" sound, as in "tsunami". Never English Z.

Try saying "tsunami" very slowly: your tongue meets the roof of your mouth behind the teeth, then releases with a hiss. That is the German Z. Needs muscle in the tongue; if you slacken, you drift toward English Z, which sounds weak and foreign-accented to German ears. Germans do notice.

Examples at the start: Sonne no wait, that starts with S. Let me retry: Zunge, Zeit, Zucker, zurück, ziehen, Zukunft. All begin with "ts".

In the middle of a word, a single Z is rare. You usually meet it paired with a t: tz. blitzen (the police flash speeders with a camera), Mütze. You do not hear the t separately; the tz is still pronounced "ts", just visually doubled.

At the end of a word, tz is also the norm: Witz, Blitz. Rare to find a single z stranded at word-end.

Spelling tip for later: when you start writing, you will hit cases where "ts" could be spelled with an S or with a Z, and your ear cannot tell. rot-family words keep an S; Liftoff-no, better example: the genitive form of some neuter nouns uses s + es: des Lichts. Not your problem now; park it for end of A2 or B1.

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05/20/2026

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1. Three audiences, three forms - German has imperatives for du, ihr, and formal Sie. Who you are giving the order to decides the form.

2. du-imperative: take the du-form, drop the -st - du machst becomes mach. du isst becomes iss. du liest becomes lies. Quick rule, one step.

3. Umlaut drops in du-imperative - Verbs that umlauted in the du-form lose the umlaut in the command. du fährst becomes fahr. Fahr vorsichtig! - what your mother says.

4. Examples with separable verbs - Mach die Tür zu!, Mach das Fenster auf!. The prefix (zu, auf) flies to the end as usual; only the conjugated part changes.

5. ihr-imperative: identical to the ihr-form - For the plural informal, just use the ihr-conjugation without ihr. ihr esst becomes Esst!. Lest!, Fahrt!.

6. Sie-imperative: infinitive + Sie - Polite commands keep Sie attached after the verb. Essen Sie!, Fahren Sie!. Easy to form; it's basically a polite request.

7. Keep the exclamation - German often writes an exclamation mark after imperatives. It softens the bluntness in writing and signals the command.

8. sein is the one odd one out - sein has irregular imperatives: Sei!, Seid!, Seien Sie!. Sei ruhig!. Worth memorising; everything else follows the regular rules.

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Three letters that look close but behave differently: F, V, W.

F sounds like English F, always. Vater starts with V but pronounces like F; compare with Vogel, also V-written, F-sounded. That is 90 percent of German V.

V almost always equals F. The prefix ver- in vergessen, verheiratet, or the preposition vor: all F-sound. Default rule: treat V as F unless the word is clearly a foreign loan.

V sounds like W (English V) in the other 10 percent, usually in foreign loans: Vase, Visa. You will pick those up as you meet them; they are a minority.

W is always like English V. Wasser, wer, weit, weil. Upper teeth on lower lip, voice on. Spanish speakers tend to say B here, and English speakers tend to say double-you; both wrong. Practice: put your upper teeth on your lower lip, then voice the consonant, and you land on a clean German W.

Default strategy: pronounce every V as F, every W as English V, and you will be right 95 percent of the time. The foreign-loan exceptions are few and they stick out because they feel foreign in German too.

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1. About 50 dative verbs - no pattern, just a list - Verbs like helfen, danken, gratulieren, gehen, kalt sein always take a dative object. Their infinitives give no hint, so memorisation is the only path.

2. Mnemonic hook: D-word pairs with Dative - The word Dativ begins with D. Pair the verb with any concrete D-noun (Dracula, Dinosaur, Dog, Dragon). Your brain links the two D's and recalls dative automatically.

3. helfen - Dracula helps Dinosaur - Picture Dracula pulling a thorn out of a dinosaur's paw. Next time you hear helfen, Dracula reappears, dative follows. Ich helfe dem Dinosaurier.

4. danken - Dinosaur thanks Dracula - Dinosaur hugs Dracula in gratitude. Der Dinosaurier dankt Dracula. Same logic, two D's locked in.

5. gratulieren - Dog and diploma - You congratulate your dog on its diploma, or it congratulates you on yours. Ich gratuliere dir uses dative dir, not accusative dich.

6. gehen with dative - "to feel" - Wie geht es dir? is really "how does it go to you?". The "to-me / to-you" shape requires dative: mir, dir, ihm. Mnemonic: postcard to Dracula asking how it's going.

7. kalt sein - Dracula is cold - Dracula is always chilly. Mir ist kalt (not "ich bin kalt", which would mean emotionally cold, the wrong meaning). Physical sensations often use dative in German.

8. Visualise once, remember forever - Spend a minute building each mental image vividly. A strong, ridiculous picture stays for life; a weak or generic one evaporates. The rule behind the mnemonic is classic: the weirder the scene, the stickier the memory.

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German sp and st at the start of a word or syllable are always pronounced "shp" and "sht". German sch is always "sh" on its own.

sp at the start: Sport, spielen, spinnen. All pronounced "shp". In the middle or end of a word, you still pronounce it "shp" if it starts a new syllable: Beispiel is "Bei-shpiel" because the new syllable begins with sp. Two rare exceptions: lispeln and Faust, where the syllable breaks between s and p and you pronounce s and p separately.

st at the start: Start, stark, stumm. All "sht". In the middle or end, if the syllable break lands between s and t, you pronounce them individually. fast is not "fasht", it is "fasst". Pflaster: Pflas-ter, not "Pflashter". husten: hus-ten.

sch on its own is always "sh", wherever it appears: Schule, schön, schreien.

Two things you never see in German: an s followed by h together (no Anglo-style "sh"), and an sch followed by a p or t (you never write "schpiel" or "schtart"). If you ever think you need one of those, check again: German has a clean spelling system and these simply do not appear.

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1. Dative article shapes - dem, dem, der, den + n on the noun. Masculine and neuter share dem, feminine flips to der, plural takes den plus an extra -n glued to the noun.

2. Plural dative adds -n to the noun - Ich habe mit den Kindern gespielt. Kinder is the plural; in the dative it becomes Kindern. This extra n is the dative plural tell.

3. Dative pronouns - mir, dir, ihm, ihr, uns, euch", ihnen. You already use some daily: Wie geht es Ihnen? / Wie geht es dir?.

4. Dative prepositions - Always trigger dative: mit, nach, von, zu, aus, seit, bei, ab. Learn them as a chanted list.

5. Two-way prepositions follow position logic - in, auf, an, über, unter, vor, hinter, zwischen, neben. Answer wo? they take dative; answer wohin? accusative.

6. About 47 dative verbs - Some verbs simply demand dative: helfen, danken, gehören, and about 44 more. Ich danke Ihnen. No rule points to them from the infinitive; memorise the list.

7. Two-object verbs use dative + accusative - Verbs like bringen, geben, schicken take two objects. The receiver is dative, the thing given is accusative. Er bringt seiner Mutter es.

8. Receiver = dative, thing handed over = accusative - Rule of thumb for two-object verbs. The person receiving always wears dative; the item changing hands wears accusative. Once this clicks, two-object sentences stop feeling chaotic.

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